Here is a detailed introduction to concrete mixer trucks:
Types of Concrete Mixer Trucks
- Classification by Chassis Structure: They can be divided into two-axle, three-axle, four-axle, and five-axle mixer trucks, etc. Among them, the three-axle chassis (6×4) has always been the market mainstay.
- Classification by Power Source: There are traditional fuel mixer trucks and new energy mixer trucks. New energy mixer trucks further include pure electric mixer trucks, hybrid mixer trucks, and fuel cell mixer trucks, etc. At present, pure electric mixer trucks dominate the new energy mixer truck market.
- Classification by Discharging Method: Mainly rear-discharging concrete mixer trucks and front-discharging concrete mixer trucks. The rear-discharging concrete mixer truck is the most common type, with strong mobility; the discharging chute of the front-discharging concrete mixer truck is located in front of the cab, which is convenient for operators to monitor, but the driving vision is limited.
Composition and Working Principle of Concrete Mixer Trucks
- Main Components
- Truck Chassis: It provides driving power and support. Common chassis brands include domestic ones such as Hualing, Dongfeng, and Jiefang, as well as foreign ones such as Mitsubishi Fuso, Nissan Diesel, Isuzu, VOLVO, and Daimler-Benz.
- Mixing Drum: It is the loading container for concrete, made of high-quality wear-resistant thin steel plates, with specially shaped spiral blades welded on the inner wall for mixing and transporting concrete.
- Transmission System: Including power take-off (PTO), cardan shaft, reducer, etc., which extracts the power from the truck chassis and transmits it to the mixing drum to make it rotate.
- Hydraulic System: It converts the engine power extracted by the PTO into hydraulic energy, which is then output as mechanical energy by the motor to provide power for the rotation of the mixing drum.
- Water Supply Device: It is used to clean the mixing drum and appropriately replenish water to the concrete during transportation.
- Feeding and Discharging System: Including the feeding port, discharging chute, etc., to realize the loading and unloading of concrete.
- Working Principle: The power of the truck chassis is extracted through the PTO to drive the variable pump of the hydraulic system to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and transmit it to the fixed displacement motor. The motor then drives the reducer, and the reducer drives the mixing drum to rotate. During feeding and transportation, the mixing drum rotates forward, and the concrete moves inward along the blades, which is conducive to feeding and mixing; when discharging, the mixing drum rotates reversely, and the concrete is unloaded outward along the blades.
