I. Pre - operation Inspection
Appearance Inspection
Walk around the forklift and check whether the body has any collision - induced deformation and if the car paint has been scratched or peeled off. Examine whether the forks are bent or have cracks, whether the surface of the forks is flat and smooth, and whether the fork spacing is appropriate and can be adjusted freely. Check if the tire pressure is normal, if there is any wear, bulging, or rupture on the tire surface, and if the tire bolts are tightened.
Electrical System Inspection
Open the electrical control box of the forklift and check whether the wiring of each electrical component is firm, and whether there are any signs of looseness, damage, or short - circuit. Check the power display on the instrument panel to ensure that the battery is sufficiently charged. Generally, it is advisable to operate when the battery power is above 20%. Check whether the lighting system, including headlights, turn signals, brake lights, and warning lights, is working properly.
Hydraulic System Inspection
Check the hydraulic oil level, which should be between the upper and lower limits of the level gauge. If the oil level is too low, add hydraulic oil that meets the specified requirements. Check whether there are any leaks in the hydraulic oil pipes and whether the joints are well - sealed. If oil seepage is found, repair or replace the oil pipes in a timely manner. Operate the lifting and tilting control levers and observe whether the operation of the hydraulic system is smooth and free of jams or abnormal noises.
Brake System Inspection
Press the brake pedal and feel whether the stroke and resistance of the pedal are normal. The stroke of the brake pedal generally should not exceed two - thirds of the total stroke. Check whether the brake oil level is within the normal range and whether the oil quality is good. If the oil is turbid or deteriorated, replace it in a timely manner. Conduct a brake test. Drive at a low speed on a flat road surface and gently press the brake. The forklift should be able to brake smoothly without deviation.
II. Starting Process
Entering the Driver's Seat
Open the driver's door of the forklift, face the forklift, hold both sides of the steering wheel with both hands, step into the driver's seat with one foot first, and then follow with the other foot. Adjust the seat position so that both feet can comfortably step on each pedal, and fasten the seat belt.
Starting Preparation
Insert the key into the ignition switch and turn it to the "ON" position. At this time, the indicator lights on the instrument panel should light up for system self - check. After the self - check is completed and all indicator lights return to normal, press the brake pedal.
Starting the Forklift
Place the forward/backward control lever in the neutral position and press the start button to start the motor. During the starting process, if abnormal noises are heard or if fault indicator lights are found on the instrument panel, immediately release the start button and troubleshoot the cause. After starting successfully, release the brake pedal and gently press the accelerator pedal to observe the operation of the forklift. Confirm that there are no abnormalities before starting to operate.
III. Driving Operation
Starting
Press the accelerator pedal and accelerate slowly to make the forklift start smoothly. When starting, pay attention to observing the surrounding environment and ensure that there are no people or obstacles before driving. On a flat road surface, the starting acceleration should be smooth to avoid sudden acceleration that may cause the goods to shake or the forklift to get out of control.
Driving Speed Control
Reasonably control the driving speed according to the road conditions and the weight of the goods. In indoor places such as warehouses, the general driving speed should not exceed 5 kilometers per hour. On flat outdoor roads, the driving speed can be appropriately increased, but it should not exceed 10 kilometers per hour. When encountering special sections such as turns, uphill and downhill roads, and narrow passages, slow down in advance.
Steering Operation
When turning the steering wheel, turn it appropriately according to the size of the turning radius. Turn on the turn signal in advance before turning to signal the surrounding people and vehicles. During the turning process, pay attention to observing the inside and outside of the forklift to avoid hitting obstacles. For right - angled turns, try to make the forklift drive close to the inner side of the curve to reduce the turning radius.
Uphill and Downhill Operation
When going uphill, accelerate in advance to maintain sufficient power for climbing. When approaching the top of the slope, slow down appropriately to prevent rushing over the top of the slope and causing danger. When going downhill, it is strictly prohibited to coast in neutral gear. Use the engine's drag effect and the brakes to control the speed and go downhill slowly. On sections with a large slope, use the reverse - driving - downhill method to increase the stability of the forklift.
IV. Loading and Unloading Operations
Picking up Goods
Drive the forklift to the bottom of the goods and adjust the position of the forks so that the forks are aligned with the fork holes of the goods. Operate the lifting control lever to raise the forks and pick up the goods. When picking up goods, the forks should be inserted more than two - thirds of the bottom of the goods to ensure the stability of the goods. The lifting height of the goods should not be too high, generally 10 - 20 centimeters above the ground is sufficient to avoid the goods shaking or falling.
Carrying Goods
During the process of carrying goods, keep the forklift driving smoothly and avoid sudden braking, sharp turns, or excessive acceleration. Always pay attention to the state of the goods to prevent the goods from tilting or slipping. If the goods are too high and affect the line of sight, use the reverse - driving method and arrange a special person to guide in front of the forklift at the same time.
Unloading Goods
Drive the forklift to the unloading location and operate the lifting control lever to lower the forks and place the goods steadily in the designated position. When unloading, ensure that the goods are placed steadily, and then slowly withdraw the forks and drive away from the unloading location.
V. Parking Steps
Selecting a Parking Location
Drive the forklift to the designated parking area and choose a flat and solid ground for parking. Avoid parking on slopes, soft ground, or places with obstacles.
Parking Operation
Press the brake pedal to stop the forklift. Place the forward/backward control lever in the neutral position and pull up the handbrake. Turn off the electrical system of the forklift and remove the key.
Goods Handling
If there are still goods on the forklift, unload the goods and place them properly. Clean the debris on the forks and keep the forks clean.
Inspection and Maintenance
After parking, check the appearance, tires, electrical system, hydraulic system, and brake system of the forklift again. Record any problems found in a timely manner and report for repair. Conduct daily cleaning and maintenance of the forklift, including wiping the body, cleaning the forks, and checking each lubrication point.
