lectric Forklift Introduction
Definition and Principles
Electric forklifts are handling equipment powered by batteries, utilizing direct current to drive motors and hydraulic systems for operations. Their core advantages include:
· Environmental friendliness: Zero emissions, low noise (≤74dB), suitable for clean environments like food and pharmaceutical industries
· Efficiency: Supports narrow aisle operations (turning radius ≤1.68 meters), with some models achieving 80% battery charge in 1.5 hours
· Economy: 6-year comprehensive costs (electricity + maintenance) are over 120,000 RMB lower than internal combustion forklifts
Classification and Application Scenarios
· Pallet Forklifts: Suitable for point-to-point transportation in warehouses (e.g., order picking).
· High-lift Forklifts: Lightweight design for high-rise storage (lifting height up to 6 meters).
· Specialized Models: Explosion-proof for chemical warehouses, and cold storage models with batteries operable at -20°C
Safety Operation Guidelines
Pre-operation Checks
· Vehicle Status: Check battery level (≥20%), electrolyte levels, and ensure no leaks or loose parts; test brakes, lights, and emergency shutdown
· Environment: Confirm clear pathways (≥1.5 times the vehicle width) and avoid wet/slippery surfaces
Operating Standards
· Driving Requirements: Wear seat belts, sound horns before starting; speed ≤10 km/h (≤5 km/h in warehouses), no passengers or drunk driving, reverse down slopes
· Cargo Handling: Insert forks ≥2/3 into goods, lift ≤30 cm off the ground; stack with mast tilted 10°-20° to prevent tipping
Special Environments
· Use explosion-proof models in hazardous areas; avoid water for lithium battery fires, and use low-temperature batteries in cold storage (-20°C)
Post-operation Maintenance
· Park in designated areas, lower forks, turn off power, and remove keys; charge in well-ventilated areas, avoid open flames; refill electrolytes with distilled water
Emergency Response
· Fire: Cut off power immediately, use dry powder extinguishers (no water for lithium fires)
· Battery Fault: Transfer to a leak-proof area, wear protective gear, and contact professionals
· Collision: Set up barriers, preserve the scene, and report to safety authorities
Key Safety Data
· Accident Prevention: Daily brake system checks can reduce accident rates by 40%
· Maintenance Costs: Proper operation reduces 6-year maintenance costs by 30% compared to internal combustion forklifts
· Regulations: Operators must hold special equipment operation certificates, with fines up to 20,000 RMB for violations
